LIU Yan-yan,ZHANG Yu-fang,WANG Ming-tian,et al.Rice Drought Monitoring and Assessment Model and its Application in the Hilly Area of Central Sichuan Basin[J].Journal of Chengdu University of Information Technology,2016,(03):332-336.
水稻干旱监测评估模型研究及在川中丘陵区的应用
- Title:
- Rice Drought Monitoring and Assessment Model and its Application in the Hilly Area of Central Sichuan Basin
- 文章编号:
- 2096-1618(2016)03-0317-06
- Keywords:
- agrometeorology; drought assessment; hilly area of Central Sichuan Basin; rice; index; frequency
- 分类号:
- P49
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 干旱是影响四川省水稻生产最突出的气象灾害,川中丘陵区为四川省常年干旱发生较重区域。为分析评价川中丘陵区水稻干旱的时空分布特征和发生规律,结合水稻干旱评估模型,利用四川省川中丘陵区水稻种植33个市县气象台站53年逐日气象资料及10个农业气象观测站近33年水稻生育期资料,采用新的水稻干旱评估指标计算川中丘陵区水稻干旱发生频率的时空变化特征,并选取不同区域典型站点分析需水关键期水稻干旱评估指数的年代际变化特征。结果表明:川中丘陵区水稻全生育期干旱频率在60.5%～94.3%,孕穗期发生中旱以上频率高达50.3%,重旱一般出现在水稻的分蘖-拔节期达25%; 水稻从孕穗-抽穗期(7月下旬)川中丘陵区的北部及南部大部地方干旱发生频率<60%,川中丘陵区的中部部分区域干旱频率>70%; 孕穗-抽穗期各代表站的水稻干旱评估指数(I)值变化:20世纪60年代末期,70年代中期,80年代初期,90年代初期到00年代初期干旱较重,近几年干旱有变轻的趋势。
- Abstract:
- Drought is one of the most severe meteorological disasters and causes great loss of rice production in Sichuan province, especially in the hilly area of central Sichuan basin. In this paper a rice drought assessment model was used to analyze the temporal and spatial distribution and the frequency of rice drought. The daily meteorological data at 33 meteorological stations during the recent 53 years(1960-2012)and the rice phonological records at 10 agro-meteorological observation stations during the recent 33 years(1980-2012)were used to analyze the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of rice drought occurrences in the hilly area of central basin in terms of an innovative rice drought assessment index. Further, we chose typical stations from each rice growing regions to analyze the inter-annual and inter-decadal variations of rice drought assessment index during the critical period of water requirement. The results showed that the drought frequency was around 60.5%-94.3% through the whole rice growth period in the hilly area of central basin. The values of rice drought frequency varied with rice growth stages. The rice drought was more severe at booting stage, and its frequency over moderate drought was 50.3%. Severe drought occurred during tillering and jointing stages, and its frequency was 25%. During the booting and heading stages(late July), the drought frequency was less than 60% in the north and south of the hilly central basin, and it was higher than 70% in the middle of the hilly central basin. The changes of rice drought assessment index during the booting and heading stages at the typical stations showed that the rice drought was severe in the late 1960s, mid-1970s, early 1980s, early 1990s and early 2000s. And rice drought tended to be less severe in recent years.
参考文献/References:
[1] 陈淑全,罗富顺,熊志强,等.四川气候[M].成都:四川科学技术出版社,1997:139-142.
[2] 詹存,梁川,赵璐.川中丘陵区季节性干旱时空分布特征及成因分析[J]. 农业工程学报,2013,29(21):82-90.
[3] 许信旺,孙满英,方宇媛,等. 安徽省气候变化对水稻生产的影响及应对[J]. 农业环境科学学报, 2011, 30(9):1755-1763.
[4] 四川省统计局.四川统计年鉴[M].北京:中国统计出版社,2014:331-365.
[5] 甘书龙,付绶宁,唐洪潜,等. 四川省农业资源与区划[M].成都: 四川省社会科学院出版社, 1986: 90-92.
[6] 刘钰,Pereira L S.对FAO推荐的作物系数计算方法的验证[J].农业工程学报,2000,16(5):26-30.
[7] 罗伯良,黄晚华,帅细强,等. 湖南省水稻生产干旱灾害风险区划中国农业气象[J].中国农业气象,2011,32(3):461—465.
[8] 张旭辉,黄毓华.江苏省水稻移栽期的干旱指数研究及应用[J].中国农业气象,2000,21(3):19-22.
[9] 朱海涛,刘寿东,汪扩军,等.湖南晚稻干旱评估[J].气象科技,2010,38(1):120-124.
[10] 刘钰,Pereira S.对FAO推荐的作物系数计算方法的验证[J].农业工程学报,2000,16(5):26-30.
[11] Allen R G, Luis S P, Rase D, et al. Crop evapotranspiration guidelines for computing crop water requirement [R]. Rome: FAO Irrigation and Drainage Paper 56, 1998.
[12] 张丹,张广涛,王丽学.彭曼-蒙特斯公式在参考作物需水量中的应用研究[J].安徽农业科学,2006,34(18):4513-4514.
[13] Karl T R. Some spatial characteristics of drought duration in the United States [J]. Journal of Climate and Applied Meteorology, 1983, 22:1356-1366.
[14] 朱海涛,刘寿东,汪扩军,等.湖南晚稻干旱评估[J].气象科技,2010,38(1):120-124.
[15] 郑畅,倪九派,魏朝富.基于DEM和SCS模型的四川盆地丘陵区局地径流研究[J].水土保持学报,2008,22(5):73-77.
[16] 温克刚,詹兆渝.中国气象灾害大典(四川卷)[M].北京:气象出版社,2006:241-306.
[17] 张玉芳, 王锐婷, 陈东东, 等. 利用水分盈亏指数评估四川盆地玉米生育期干旱状况[J]. 中国农业气象, 2011, 32(4):615-620.
备注/Memo
收稿日期:2016-00-00 基金项目:四川省科技支撑计划资助项目(2015NZ0035); 四川省气象局重点课题资助项目(川气课题-2012-开发-06); 中国气象局西南区域重大科研业务资助项目(2014-8); 高原大气与环境四川省重点实验室开放课题资助项目(PAEKL-2014-C5); 中国气象局成都高原气象研究所高原气象开放基金资助项目(LPM2013002)