PU Yunjun,WANG Zengwu,YANG Kangquan,et al.Construction and Operation of Urban Storm Flood Model based on GIS and SWMM[J].Journal of Chengdu University of Information Technology,2024,39(03):320-327.[doi:10.16836/j.cnki.jcuit.2024.03.009]
基于GIS和SWMM的城市雨洪模型构建与业务化
- Title:
- Construction and Operation of Urban Storm Flood Model based on GIS and SWMM
- 文章编号:
- 2096-1618(2024)03-0320-08
- Keywords:
- 3S integration; GIS; SWMM; urban waterlogging
- 分类号:
- P208
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 近年城市化进程加快,极端天气频繁出现,各大城市都出现过严重的内涝情况,严重危害人民群众的财产和人身安全。暴雨洪水管理模型(storm water management model,SWMM)等常用的城市雨洪径流模型已在城市内涝研究中广泛应用且效果显著。但构建SWMM工程文件所需的数据处理相对烦琐且对大多数模型来说,模型的输入和输出数据不直观,使用极不便。针对这一现状,研究如何快速构建城市雨洪模型并实现业务化意义重大。以成都市双流区东升街道为例,基于双流行政区划边界图层、排水(雨水)管网分布图、气象站点实况监测、数字高程模型(digital elevation model,DEM)和土地利用分类等多源数据,利用地理信息系统(geographic information system,GIS)技术,数字化并概化双流区的地下管网,利用水文分析法和泰森多边形法划分东升街道子汇水区,使用表面分析方法和分区统计方法计算处理各子汇水区的不透水占比、平均百分比坡度; 利用GIS软件开发技术实现子汇水区特征宽度的求取; 最后实现成都市双流区东升街道雨洪模型的程序化构建、自动化运行和结果可视化等一系列业务化研发,并利用历史内涝个例数据对构建的东升街道雨洪模型进行模拟对比验证,结果显示溢流节点与记录发生的汛情一致,效果良好; 相应成果也应用到了双流城市内涝预警业务中。
- Abstract:
- In recent years, the process of urbanization has accelerated, extreme weather has occurred frequently, and serious waterlogging has occurred in major cities, which canseriously endanger the property and personal safety of the people. SWMM(storm water management model)and other commonly used urban storm flood runoff models have been widely used in urban waterlogging research and have achieved some remarkable results. However, the data processing required to build the SWMM project file is relatively cumbersome and for most model users, the input and output data of the model are not intuitive and extremely inconvenient to use; In view of this situation,it is of great significance to study how to quickly build urban storm flood model and realize its commercialization. Taking Dongsheng Street, Shuangliu District, Chengdu as an example, the author digitised and generalized the underground pipe network in Shuangliu District using GIS(geographic information system)technology based on multi-source data such as boundary layer of Shuangliu administrative division, distribution map of drainage(rainwater)pipe network, actual monitoring of meteorological stations, DEM(digital elevation model)and land use classification, the sub-catchment area of Dongsheng Street is divided by hydrological analysis method and Tyson polygon method, and the impervious proportion and average percentage slope of each sub-catchment area are calculated and processed by surface analysis method and zoning statistical method; GIS software development technology is used to obtain the characteristic width of sub-catchment area. Finally, a series of operational research and development of the rain and flood model of Dongsheng Street in Shuangliu District, Chengdu, including the programmed construction,automatic operation and result visualization,were realized. The simulation and comparison of the rain and flood model of Dongsheng Street were carried out using the historical waterlogging case data. The results showed that the overflow node was consistent with the flood record, which means the performance of this model is good. The corresponding results have also been applied to the urban waterlogging early warning business in Shuangliu.
参考文献/References:
[1] 黄诚,张晓祥,韩炜,等.基于SWMM模型及GIS技术的城市雨洪调控情景模拟——以镇江市城区为例[J].人民长江,2022,53(4):31-36.
[2] 姜仁贵,解建仓.城市内涝的集合应对体系[J].水资源保护,2017,33(1):17.
[3] Huber WC,Dickinson RE.Storm water manage ment model,version 4,user’s manual[R].US Environmental Protection Agency,Athens,Georgia,Report.EPA/600/3-88-001a,1988.
[4] Elliott AH.Trowsdale SA.A Review of Models for Low Impact Urban Storm Water Drainage[J].Environmental Modelling&.Software.2007,22(3):394-405.
[5] Barco J,Wong KM,Stenstrom MK,et al.Automatic calibration of the U.S.EPASWMM Model for a large urban catchment[J].Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,2008,134(4):466-474.
[6] Shamsi UM,Smith P.ArcGIS and SWMM integration[J].The Journal of Water Management Modeling,2005:295-307.
[7] 王立辉,陈欣,闫福恩.基于GIS和SWMM的雨洪模型构建方法研究[J].市政技术,2020,38(4):183-188.
[8] 陶文华. 城市雨洪SWMM模型的构建与LID综合效能评价方法研究[D].武汉:武汉工程大学,2022.
[9] 许迪,严长安,李丽珍,等.汇水单元划分尺度对SWMM模型结果的影响[J].环境科学导刊,2021,40(5):16-20.
[10] 张晓媛.贝叶斯统计法进行SWMM模型水文参数率定及影响因素识别[D].重庆:重庆大学,2019.
[11] Poole GC,Stanford JA,Frissell CA,etal.Three-dimensional mapping of geomorphic controls on flood-plain hydrology and connectivity from aerial photos[J].Geo morphology,2002,48(4):329-347.
[12] 刘南,刘仁义.基于GIS技术的海塘防洪减灾信息系统明.自然灾害学报,2005(1):116-120.
[13] 刘仁义,刘南.基于GIS的复杂地形洪水淹没区计算方法[J].地理学报,2001(1):1-6.
[14] 黄志军,王树文.基于水文仿真模型与GIS的三维可视化在城市洪水演进中的模拟研究——以马鞍山为例[J].测绘科学,2010,35(1):88-90.
[15] 王伟. 基于GIS和SWMM模型的城市内涝模拟研究[D].南京:南京信息工程大学,2017.
[16] 王小杰. 基于多源信息融合的城市内涝模拟仿真及预警系统研究[D].西安:西安理工大学,2020.
相似文献/References:
[1]王 华,杨乾鹏.林芝市雷电风险区划[J].成都信息工程大学学报,2019,(06):659.[doi:10.16836/j.cnki.jcuit.2019.06.015]
WANG Hua,YANG Qianpeng.Lightning Risk Division for Nyingchi City[J].Journal of Chengdu University of Information Technology,2019,(03):659.[doi:10.16836/j.cnki.jcuit.2019.06.015]
备注/Memo
收稿日期:2023-02-13
基金项目:四川省科技计划资助项目(2022YFS0542)