GUO Ming,LIU Kun,DU Yuming,et al.Research on Lightning Protection Antenna Design and Lightning Protection Performance for 5G Communication Base Station[J].Journal of Chengdu University of Information Technology,2025,40(03):300-305.[doi:10.16836/j.cnki.jcuit.2025.03.007]
应用于5G通信基站的防雷天线设计及防雷性能研究
- Title:
- Research on Lightning Protection Antenna Design and Lightning Protection Performance for 5G Communication Base Station
- 文章编号:
- 2096-1618(2025)03-0300-06
- Keywords:
- lightning electromagnetic pulse; 5G antenna; polarization reconfigurable; lightning protection antenna
- 分类号:
- TN821
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 闪电电磁脉冲是自然闪电放电过程中一种强电磁脉冲。通信基站遭受闪电袭击的事件中,大多数都是闪电直接击打在通信基站的铁塔上并泄放至大地,但对天线后端造成损毁的研究较少。随着5G基站的大规模建设,大量有源电路和模块被安置在天线后端,闪电击中铁塔时释放的闪电电磁脉冲能极易通过天线耦合至后端设备并造成损毁。基于极化可重构技术设计一种应用于5G基站的防雷天线。为探究所设计天线在闪电通道附近的耦合效应并分析其在防护状态下对闪电电磁脉冲的抑制效果,基于闪电回击模型与Heidler雷电流函数模型,结合简易单管塔模型建立闪电通道-铁塔-天线模型,通过不同极化方式天线对闪电电磁脉冲的耦合效应的研究,讨论分析所设计天线的不同极化方式对抑制闪电电磁脉冲能量的能力。
- Abstract:
- Lightning electromagnetic pulse(LEMP)is a strong electromagnetic pulse that radiates outward during natural lightning discharge. In recent years,most of the lightning attacks on the communication base station have directly struck the tower of the communication base station,but the damage to the back end of the communication base station is more caused by the lightning electromagnetic pulse released with lightning.The antenna is a device that transmits and receives electromagnetic waves.The lightning electromagnetic pulse energy released when lightning strikes the tower is easy to damages the back-end equipment through the coupling of the antenna. Therefore,a lightning-proof antenna applied to a 5G band is designed in this paper based on reconfigurable technology.To explore the coupling effect of the designed antenna near the lightning channel and analyze its suppression effect on the lightning electromagnetic pulse in the protective state,this paper based on the lightning return model and Heidler lightning current function model,combined with the simple single tube tower model,established the lightning channel-tower-antenna model and studied the coupling effect of antennas with different polarization modes on the lightning electromagnetic pulse.The influence of different feeding directions of the designed antenna on the suppression of lightning electromagnetic pulse energy is discussed and analyzed.Through the analysis of the above problems,the following conclusions are drawn: the antenna has a good shielding performance for the lightning electromagnetic pulse when it works in the online polarization state. The calculation results show that the coupling energy of the antenna to the lightning electromagnetic pulse is mainly distributed in the early stage of the lightning current development,but the coupling voltage at the rear end of the antenna is very small in the late stage,which indicates that the energy of the low-frequency energy-coupled antenna is much less than that of the high frequency antenna.
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备注/Memo
收稿日期:2023-12-22
基金项目:四川省科技计划资助项目(2021YFG0355)