ZENG Xi,XIAO Tian-gui,JIA La.Characteristics of Area Change of Qinghai Lake and its Response tothe Climate Change in the Nearly 20 Years[J].Journal of Chengdu University of Information Technology,2018,(04):438-447.[doi:10.16836/j.cnki.jcuit.2018.04.014]
近20年青海湖的面积变化特征及其与周围气候变化的响应
- Title:
- Characteristics of Area Change of Qinghai Lake and its Response tothe Climate Change in the Nearly 20 Years
- 文章编号:
- 2096-1618(2018)04-0438-10
- Keywords:
- meteorology; the change of Qinghai Lake area; climate change in Qinghai Lake; remote sensing
- 分类号:
- P463.21
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 为充分分析青海湖湖泊面积变化特征及与周围气象要素变化的关系,利用近20年来青海湖地区的Landsat卫星遥感影像资料,提取水体和计算各年湖泊面积,并结合近20年野牛沟、祁连、德令哈和刚察4个较靠近青海湖的基础气象站点的年降水量、平均气温、日照和风速的地面气象资料月值数据进行处理并分析。分析表明,青海湖湖泊面积整体变化表现为先减小后增大两个阶段,2004年为湖泊面积变化的拐点,1995-2004年面积减小92.7 km2,2004-2015年面积增大138.8 km2; 青海湖东岸与西岸均出现不同程度的面积先减小后增大的趋势; 湖泊周围的年平均气温、年降水量、年蒸发量和日照时数均呈现不同幅度的波动变化,并且均在2004年前后出现明显的指数突变,由相关性分析得出年平均降水和蒸发量的变化主要影响青海湖面积变化的整体趋势,而年平均气温、日照和风速对湖泊面积变化的影响并不明显; 湖泊周围地势构造、人类活动和湖泊的补给排泄都会对湖泊面积造成一定影响。
- Abstract:
- In order to fully analysize the variation relationship between lake area and meteorological elements around Qinghai lakes, this paper extracted the water, calculated the lakes area of every year and combined with the ground meteorological data of average temperature, sunlight intensity and wind speed, which have been recorded in the four meteorological stations near Qinghai lakes in Yeniugou, Qilian, Delingha, and Gangcha in recent 20 years. Analysis shows that the whole variation of Qinghai lakes’ area was divided into two stages, first shrank and then enlarged. There was a turning point of lake area variation in 2004. The area shrank92.7 km2 from 1995 to 2004, and it enlarged 1338 km2 in 2004-2015. The phenomenon appeared in the east coast and west coast of Qinghai lakes accordingly. The average temperature, sunlight intensity and wind speed around lakes have a different range of fluctuation and they have a sharp fluctuation around 2004. It indicates that the average temperature and evaporation capacity mainly affect the whole trend of the lake area variation, but the effect of average temperature, sunlight intensity and wind speed are not obvious. Terrain construction, human activities, supply and drainage of lake have a certain effect on it.
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备注/Memo
收稿日期:2018-02-26基金项目:国家科技支撑资助项目(2015BAC03B05); 国家自然科学基金重点基金资助项目(91337215); 国家重点基础研究发展计划资助项目(2013CB733200); 四川省应用基础研究计划资助项目(2013JY0063)