SUN Yidan,LI Maoshan,LV Zhao,et al.Surface Albedo of Nagqu on Tibet Plateau and its Application in Model[J].Journal of Chengdu University of Information Technology,2020,35(03):330-340.[doi:10.16836/j.cnki.jcuit.2020.03.014]
青藏高原那曲地区地表反照率及其在模式中的应用
- Title:
- Surface Albedo of Nagqu on Tibet Plateau and its Application in Model
- 文章编号:
- 2096-1618(2020)03-0330-11
- Keywords:
- meteorology; numerical simulation; surface albedo; Tibet Plateau; Noah-MP; satellite remote sensing
- 分类号:
- P422
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 为探究青藏高原那曲地区地表反照率的特征,并将其应用在陆面模式中,改进模式参数和参数化方案,利用2010年的地面观测数据和MODIS产品MCD43C3的卫星遥感数据,对局地的地表反照率时间变化特征进行分析和比较。同时利用Noah-MP陆面模式进行能量通量的模拟,揭示地表反照率对能量收支平衡的影响,运用统计量分析和相关分析,评估模式模拟的效果。主要得到以下结果:(1)全年地表反照率存在明显的波动性,大部分的反照率值处于0.15～0.30,给反照率带来主要影响的因素是积雪和植被。月变化的趋势呈现出不明显的“双峰单谷”,同时具有明显的季节变化特征,夏、秋季小,春、冬季大,表现为:春季>冬季>秋季>夏季。日变化特征则表现出早晚大、中午小的“U”型分布。(2)对比MODIS产品短波波段的白空反照率(WSA)和黑空反照率(BSA)与地面观测结果发现:地面观测结果>WSA>BSA,但变化特征有较好的一致性,导致MODIS地表反照率与观测结果产生偏差的原因主要是积雪。季节变化上,WSA的趋势与观测值基本一致,BSA却是冬季>春季,可以认为阴天和降雪给卫星反演质量带来的影响较大。(3)通过将实测的反照率替换模式中反照率进行敏感性试验,结果发现:Noah-MP模式对反射辐射具有较好的模拟效果。感热通量和潜热通量对地表反照率存在一定的敏感性,模式模拟值与实测值的日变化特征保持一致,白天处于峰值,夜间处于谷值,Noah-MP模式对感潜热通量在夜间的模拟效果都远好于白天。改变地表反照率后,模拟效果的好坏在各月表现出一定的差异性,以11月为例,反射辐射和感潜热通量的模拟效果都得到了一定改进。
- Abstract:
- In order to explore the characteristics of surface albedo in Nagqu area of Tibet plateau and apply it to land surface model, the model parameters and parameterization scheme are improved.Variation characteristics of local surface albedo are analyzed and compared based on observation data of Nagqu in 2010 and satellite remote sensing data of MODIS product MCD43C3. In addition, Noah-MP is used to simulate the energy flux to reveal the influence of surface albedo on the energy balance. Statistical analysis and correlation analysis are used to evaluate the effect of model simulation. The main results are as follows:(1)The annual surface albedo has apparentvolatility, but most of the albedo values are between 0.15 and 0.30. The main factors that affect the surface albedo are snow cover and vegetation. The trend of monthly change shows "double peak and single valley". The surface albedo has obvious seasonal variation characteristics, which is small in summer and autumn, and large in spring and winter. It is expressed as:spring>winter>autumn>summer. Similarly, the diurnal variation characteristics of surface albedo are also relatively significant, showing a u-shaped distribution with large in the morning and evening and small at noon.(2)By comparing the white sky albedo(WSA)and black sky albedo(BSA)of short-wave band with the observation results, it can be found that the observation results are larger than others, but the variation characteristics have a good consistency, and the main reason for the deviation between MODIS surface albedo and the observation results is the snow cover. In terms of seasonal changes, the trend of WSA is basically consistent with the observed value, while the trend of BSA in winter is higher than in spring. It can be considered that overcast days and snowfall have a greater impact on satellite inversion quality.(3)By performing a sensitivity test comparing the measured albedo with the albedo in the model, the results found that Noah-MP has a good simulation effect on reflected radiation. Sensible heat flux and latent heat flux are sensitive to surface albedo. The diurnal variation characteristics of the simulated values are consistent with the measured values. They are at peak during the day and at valley at night. The Noah-MP mode has a much better simulation effect on latent heat flux at night than during the day. After the improvement of the surface albedo, the simulation effect shows some differences in each month. Taking November as an example, the simulation effect of reflected radiation and the sensible heat flux and latent heat flux have been improved to some extent.
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备注/Memo
收稿日期:2019-07-08 基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFC1505702); 国家自然科学基金资助项目(41675106)