ZHAO Haoyang,SONG Wei,REN Hong,et al.Comparative Study of Acid Rain based on Automatic and Manual Observation in Changsha[J].Journal of Chengdu University of Information Technology,2023,38(05):572-579.[doi:10.16836/j.cnki.jcuit.2023.05.012]
长沙市酸雨自动观测与人工观测的对比分析
- Title:
- Comparative Study of Acid Rain based on Automatic and Manual Observation in Changsha
- 文章编号:
- 2096-1618(2023)05-0572-08
- Keywords:
- atmospheric physics and atmospheric environment; acid rain; manual observation; automatic observation; pH value; conductivity
- 分类号:
- P401
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 为考察酸雨人工观测切换至自动观测后数据的可靠性，采用长沙站酸雨为期一年的数据，通过均值法、差值法、正态分布法等对比两者的pH值和电导率K值在采样情况、均值、酸性分布、偏差等方面差异。研究表明:与酸雨人工观测相比，自动观测系统的pH值缺测率为3.5%; 自动pH年均值为4.68，大于人工的4.42，pH值月均偏差范围为0.06～0.72，总体偏差集中在(-0.4，0.9)，对应的正态函数为N(0.27，0.30)，占整体量的87.3%。自动观测电导率K值缺测率为11.4%，年均值为18.15 μS/cm，略低于人工的19.31 μS/cm，月均偏差在冬季最大，为31.5μS/cm，4月最小，为-2.6 μS/cm，其余月均在-1.6～1.6 μS/cm。K值总体偏差集中在-15～15 μS/cm，对应的正态分布为NK(-0.88，4.38)。两者的偏差主要由仪器性能、采样过程、测量环境和实际操作等因素引起。结果表明，酸雨人工观测切换至自动观测具有良好的延续性和可靠性。
- Abstract:
- It is important to investigate the data reliability of acid rain after automatic observation replacing artificial observation. Based on the acid rain data of Changsha station for one year, the difference method and normal distribution method are used to compare the differences of pH values and conductivity K values in sampling situation, mean value, acid distribution, deviation and so on. The results show that the missing rate of pH from the automatic observation system is 3.5% when compared with artificial observation.The pH of the automatic observation is 4.42 which is higher than the artificial value of 4.42. The deviation of monthly average pH value is 0.06～0.72.The deviation of single pH is concentrated in the range from -0.4 to 0.9, and the corresponding normal function is N(0.27,0.30), accounting for 87.3% of the whole. The annual average value of the automatic observation conductivity K(18.15 μS/cm)is slightly larger than the artificial value(19.31 μS/cm). The K value of both methods is less than 70 μS/cm. The monthly average deviation of K value is largest in winter(31.5 μS/cm), smallest in April(-2.6 μS/cm), and within ±1.6 μS/cm in other months. The K deviations are mainly in ±15 μS/cm,corresponding normal distribution of NK(-0.88,4.38). The main cause of deviations between automatic and manual observation are instrument performance,sampling process, measuring environment and practical operation. It shows that the acid rain data from artificial to automatic mode has a good continuity and reliability.
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备注/Memo
收稿日期:2022-06-17
基金项目:湖南省气象局2023创新发展专项资助项目(XFZ2023-FZZX43)